Health experts from the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) have identified several key factors contributing to the rising cancer rates in the country. These include sexually transmitted infections, poor dietary habits, environmental pollution, and the use of skin-bleaching products.
In 2015, UCI recorded approximately 3,500 new cancer cases, but the annual tally has surged to around 7,500 cases according to recent government statistics. Dr. Nixon Niyonzima, Head of Research and Training at UCI, emphasized that cervical cancer, often linked to infections, is the most prevalent among women, while prostate cancer dominates among men.
Dr. Alfred Jatho, Head of Community Cancer Services at UCI, highlighted the role of sexually transmitted infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), in causing cervical, throat, and anal cancers. He urged young individuals to practice safe sex or abstain altogether.
Dr. Martin Origa, a specialist in female reproductive system cancers, outlined common symptoms of cervical cancer, including vaginal bleeding during intercourse, foul-smelling discharge, and painful sexual intercourse.
Tragically, UCI reported that in 2022 alone, approximately 4,300 individuals succumbed to cancer, making cervical cancer the leading cause of admissions and deaths at the institute.
Beyond infection-related cancers, alcohol consumption emerged as the second significant risk factor for at least ten types of cancers. Dr. Jatho advised moderation, stating that any level of alcohol consumption increases the risk of cancer.
Tobacco use was identified as the third major risk factor for cancers in Uganda. Contrary to past beliefs, recent evidence indicates that tobacco can contribute to various types of cancer, including cervical cancer.
Maintaining a balanced diet was underscored as crucial, with Dr. Jatho urging people to broaden their food choices beyond cultural preferences. He also emphasized the importance of an active lifestyle, avoidance of polluted environments, and refraining from skin bleaching, as these practices increase the risk of cancer.
A cautionary note was raised regarding the prolonged use of skin-lightening products (SLPs), which can lead to skin cancer. A case from Togo highlighted the risks associated with extended use of SLP containing hydroquinone and potent corticosteroids, resulting in invasive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, a form of skin cancer.
In conclusion, the battle against cancer in Uganda requires a comprehensive approach addressing the identified risk factors, promoting healthy lifestyles, and raising awareness about the potential dangers associated with certain behaviors and practices.
